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The passport card (previously known as the People Access Security Service Card, or PASS Card) is an alternative to a passport produced in the United States to meet the documentary requirements of the Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative. The U.S. Passport Card is a wallet-size travel document, issued to U.S. citizens and non-citizen nationals,〔(Passport Application Form DS-11 ) (Accessed December 2, 2013) 〕 that can be used to enter the United States from Canada, Mexico, the Caribbean, and Bermuda at land border crossings or sea ports-of-entry and is more convenient and less expensive than a passport book. The passport card cannot be used for international air travel. 〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://travel.state.gov/content/passports/english/passports/information/card.html )〕 Applications have been accepted since February 1, 2008; production of the cards began 14 July 2008. As of September 2013, more than 7 million Passport Cards had been issued to U.S. citizens.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://travel.state.gov/content/passports/english/passports/FAQs.html )〕 The card is manufactured by L-1 Identity Solutions.〔(Passport Card & Border Crossing Card Solutions ). Retrieved 24 May 2011〕 Identity cards with the same objectives are common inside the European Union for both national and international use. ==Rationale== The passport card is an alternative to an ordinary U.S. passport booklet for land and sea travel within North America (Canada, Mexico, the Caribbean, and Bermuda). It cannot currently be used for international air travel. The Department of State indicates that this is because "designing a card format passport for wide use, including by air travelers, would inadvertently undercut the broad based international effort to strengthen civil aviation security and travel document specifications to address the post 9/11 threat environment."〔(Federal Register, Volume 71 Issue 200 ) US Government Printing Office October 17, 2006 (Accessed Aug 4, 2010).〕 The passport card is being issued by the United States Department of State in response to border community residents' needs for a less expensive and more portable alternative to the conventional booklet since the Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative's requirements for travelers to carry a single document verifying both identification and citizenship have come into effect. In an effort to improve efficiency at land crossings, the passport card also includes a vicinity-read radio frequency identification chip with a unique identifying number tied to government databases; unlike the passport book, the RFID chip in the passport card is designed to be readable at a greater distance and will not contain any information from the MRZ of the passport card beyond the identifying number. To prevent the RFID chip from being read when the card is not being used, the passport card comes with a sleeve designed to block RFID while inside.〔(U.S. Passport Card ). Retrieved February 5, 2009.〕 Under the REAL ID Act, the passport card will also be accepted for federal purposes (such as domestic air travel or entering federal buildings), which may make it an attractive option for people living in states whose driver's licenses and ID cards are not REAL ID-compliant when those requirements go into effect. TSA regulations list the passport card as an acceptable identity document at airport security checkpoints.〔(Driver's License or Passports Preferred ID at Checkpoints ), retrieved May 30, 2008.〕 U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services has indicated that the U.S. Passport Card may be used in the Employment Eligibility Verification Form I-9 process.〔(USCIS – USCIS Informs The Public That New Passport Card Is Acceptable For Employment Eligibility Verification )〕 The passport card is considered a “List A” document that may be presented by newly hired employees during the employment eligibility verification process to show work authorized status. “List A” documents are those used by employees to prove both identity and work authorization when completing the Form I-9. According to the US consulate in Germany, the passport card can be used as a valid proof of citizenship and proof of identity both inside and outside the United States.〔(Passport Card )〕 However, the acceptance of the passport card as the identity document by private and governmental entities within the USA varies greatly. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「United States Passport Card」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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